{"users":[{"id":1,"username":"EdS","name":null,"avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/eds/{size}/6_2.png","admin":true,"moderator":true,"trust_level":4},{"id":440,"username":"davidb","name":"David Boddie","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/davidb/{size}/3421_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":3,"username":"NoLand","name":"Norbert Landsteiner","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/noland/{size}/126_2.png","moderator":true,"trust_level":4},{"id":314,"username":"scruss","name":"Stewart Russell","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/scruss/{size}/3367_2.png","trust_level":3},{"id":779,"username":"RetroRamJet","name":"Paul","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/retroramjet/{size}/4805_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":340,"username":"jdreesen","name":"Jos Dreesen","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/j/c57346/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":213,"username":"oldben","name":"Ben Franchuk","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/oldben/{size}/5031_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":631,"username":"SmithChart","name":"Dag Spicer","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/s/a9adbd/{size}.png","trust_level":0},{"id":1177,"username":"The300baudguy","name":null,"avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/e56c9b/{size}.png","trust_level":0},{"id":313,"username":"MicroCoreLabs","name":null,"avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/m/779978/{size}.png","trust_level":1},{"id":190,"username":"Ricardus","name":null,"avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/ricardus/{size}/493_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":1309,"username":"Luiz_Roberto_Rocha","name":"Luiz Roberto Rocha","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/luiz_roberto_rocha/{size}/6374_2.png","trust_level":0},{"id":369,"username":"amenjet","name":"Andrew","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/amenjet/{size}/3364_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":92,"username":"jecel","name":"Jecel Mattos de Assumpcao Jr","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/jecel/{size}/48_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":242,"username":"snuci","name":"Santo Nucifora","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/snuci/{size}/3763_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":355,"username":"MauryMarkowitz","name":"Maury Markowitz","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/maurymarkowitz/{size}/2683_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":477,"username":"AllenBaum","name":"Allen Baum","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/a/977dab/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":488,"username":"accelulator","name":"","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/a/87869e/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":395,"username":"pdxjjb","name":"Jeff Berkowitz","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/pdxjjb/{size}/3034_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":25,"username":"jhi","name":"Jarkko Hietaniemi","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/jhi/{size}/157_2.png","trust_level":3},{"id":1226,"username":"TheOtherSean","name":"","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/8baadc/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":112,"username":"elb","name":"Ethan Blanton","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/elb/{size}/124_2.png","moderator":true,"trust_level":4},{"id":173,"username":"stiefkind","name":"Wolfgang Stief","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/stiefkind/{size}/5899_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":201,"username":"APLe","name":"Павел Александров","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/aple/{size}/607_2.png","trust_level":0},{"id":1217,"username":"PFLEGENDE_Angehorige","name":"PFLEGENDE Angehörige","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/pflegende_angehorige/{size}/6238_2.png","trust_level":1},{"id":119,"username":"drogon","name":"Gordon Henderson","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/drogon/{size}/4306_2.png","trust_level":4},{"id":400,"username":"mainframetom","name":null,"avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/m/ed655f/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":1009,"username":"olifreke","name":"Oli","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/o/58956e/{size}.png","trust_level":0},{"id":1115,"username":"pu22l3","name":"","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/p/ccd318/{size}.png","trust_level":0},{"id":269,"username":"StephenM","name":"StephenM","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/stephenm/{size}/1656_2.png","trust_level":1},{"id":140,"username":"hoglet","name":"David Banks","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/h/ecb155/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":223,"username":"EtchedPixels","name":"Alan Cox","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/etchedpixels/{size}/1014_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":770,"username":"Porcupine","name":"","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/p/ac91a4/{size}.png","trust_level":1},{"id":7,"username":"IsaacKuo","name":"Kuo, Isaac","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/i/b487fb/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":515,"username":"voidstar","name":"Steve Lewis","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/voidstar/{size}/3810_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":197,"username":"mc4004","name":"Tim McNerney","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/mc4004/{size}/3526_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":434,"username":"lynchaj","name":"Andrew Lynch","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/l/f14d63/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":1209,"username":"Rhetro","name":"RHETT","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/r/d07c76/{size}.png","trust_level":0},{"id":939,"username":"Bill","name":"","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/b/ac91a4/{size}.png","trust_level":1},{"id":403,"username":"granz","name":"Art G. Granzeier III","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/g/13edae/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":284,"username":"larsbrinkhoff","name":"Lars Brinkhoff","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/larsbrinkhoff/{size}/2411_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":1163,"username":"WorBlux","name":"","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/w/dec6dc/{size}.png","trust_level":1},{"id":61,"username":"wazoox","name":"Emmanuel Florac","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/wazoox/{size}/35_2.png","trust_level":2},{"id":927,"username":"1ajs","name":"","avatar_template":"/user_avatar/retrocomputingforum.com/1ajs/{size}/5436_2.png","trust_level":1},{"id":1151,"username":"tubeheader","name":"","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/t/bcef8e/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":456,"username":"litwr","name":"Vol Lidovski","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/l/b5e925/{size}.png","trust_level":2},{"id":55,"username":"abdulhaq","name":"","avatar_template":"/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/a/ac91a4/{size}.png","trust_level":1}],"primary_groups":[],"flair_groups":[],"topic_list":{"can_create_topic":false,"more_topics_url":"/c/hardware/6?page=1","per_page":30,"top_tags":[{"id":1,"name":"mos6502","slug":"mos6502"},{"id":6,"name":"z80","slug":"z80"},{"id":90,"name":"dec","slug":"dec"},{"id":5,"name":"commodore","slug":"commodore"},{"id":2,"name":"pdp11","slug":"pdp11"},{"id":38,"name":"terminals","slug":"terminals"},{"id":40,"name":"atari","slug":"atari"},{"id":11,"name":"handhelds","slug":"handhelds"},{"id":10,"name":"m68k","slug":"m68k"},{"id":49,"name":"museums","slug":"museums"},{"id":4,"name":"basic","slug":"basic"},{"id":183,"name":"homebrew-cpu","slug":"homebrew-cpu"},{"id":118,"name":"mechanical","slug":"mechanical"},{"id":3,"name":"mini","slug":"mini"},{"id":36,"name":"electromechanical","slug":"electromechanical"},{"id":12,"name":"mc6809","slug":"mc6809"},{"id":60,"name":"amiga","slug":"amiga"}],"topics":[{"fancy_title":"About the Hardware category","id":181,"title":"About the Hardware category","slug":"about-the-hardware-category","posts_count":2,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":2,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2019-04-03T10:16:16.475Z","last_posted_at":"2019-05-20T10:39:58.851Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2019-04-03T10:17:28.661Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":true,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Post here about hardware! Computers, machines, technology, circuits, restorations, collections…","visible":true,"closed":true,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":765,"like_count":0,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"EdS","category_id":6,"op_like_count":0,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest single","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"New Zealand’s First Microcomputer May Be This 1802","id":3371,"title":"New Zealand’s First Microcomputer May Be This 1802","slug":"new-zealand-s-first-microcomputer-may-be-this-1802","posts_count":4,"reply_count":2,"highest_post_number":4,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2023-05-26T14:43:38.684Z","last_posted_at":"2026-05-09T20:02:15.197Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-05-09T20:02:15.197Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Links to video and emulator.","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":421,"like_count":4,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"RetroRamJet","category_id":6,"op_like_count":1,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":"https://hackaday.com/2023/05/24/new-zealands-first-microcomputer-may-be-this-1802/","featured_link_root_domain":"hackaday.com","posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":440,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":3,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":314,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":779,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Recreating the ETH Lilith in 2026","id":5986,"title":"Recreating the ETH Lilith in 2026","slug":"recreating-the-eth-lilith-in-2026","posts_count":6,"reply_count":2,"highest_post_number":6,"image_url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/d/de90ecba591b1174af441c0ee4ca615f95306557_2_768x1024.jpeg","created_at":"2026-05-02T09:28:26.069Z","last_posted_at":"2026-05-08T08:01:43.071Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-05-08T08:01:43.071Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Those not frequenting the other fora might not have seen this : \nI am in the process of recreating the ETH Lilith, Niklaus Wirth’s 1980’s AMD2901 based Modula-2 workstation. Actual CPU design was by Richard Oran / Utah, &hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":[{"max_width":null,"max_height":null,"width":1920,"height":2560,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/d/de90ecba591b1174af441c0ee4ca615f95306557.jpeg"},{"max_width":1024,"max_height":1024,"width":768,"height":1024,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/d/de90ecba591b1174af441c0ee4ca615f95306557_2_768x1024.jpeg"},{"max_width":800,"max_height":800,"width":600,"height":800,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/d/de90ecba591b1174af441c0ee4ca615f95306557_2_600x800.jpeg"},{"max_width":400,"max_height":400,"width":300,"height":400,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/d/de90ecba591b1174af441c0ee4ca615f95306557_2_300x400.jpeg"},{"max_width":200,"max_height":200,"width":150,"height":200,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/d/de90ecba591b1174af441c0ee4ca615f95306557_2_150x200.jpeg"},{"max_width":100,"max_height":100,"width":75,"height":100,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/d/de90ecba591b1174af441c0ee4ca615f95306557_2_75x100.jpeg"},{"max_width":50,"max_height":50,"width":37,"height":50,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/d/de90ecba591b1174af441c0ee4ca615f95306557_2_37x50.jpeg"}],"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":194,"like_count":14,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"jdreesen","category_id":6,"op_like_count":9,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":340,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":631,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Fire up a Commodore 128D after 40 years of beauty sleep.","id":6008,"title":"Fire up a Commodore 128D after 40 years of beauty sleep.","slug":"fire-up-a-commodore-128d-after-40-years-of-beauty-sleep","posts_count":1,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":1,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-05-08T07:29:29.894Z","last_posted_at":"2026-05-08T07:29:30.077Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-05-08T07:29:30.077Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Recently, my buddy from the USA visited me here in Germany and brought something really nice along. He gifted me his 40‑year‑old C128D, which he had barely used. As a result, it looks almost like new. Naturally, I was th&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":39,"like_count":3,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"The300baudguy","category_id":6,"op_like_count":3,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest single","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":1177,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"MCLZ8 - Zilog Z80 Emulator in TRS-80 Model III","id":2593,"title":"MCLZ8 - Zilog Z80 Emulator in TRS-80 Model III","slug":"mclz8-zilog-z80-emulator-in-trs-80-model-iii","posts_count":12,"reply_count":2,"highest_post_number":12,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2022-05-11T16:44:58.788Z","last_posted_at":"2026-05-05T15:22:15.163Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-05-05T15:22:15.163Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"I wanted to share my latest project, the MCLZ8, which is a Zilog Z80 emulator which can be used as a drop-in replacement for the original Z80. \nMy Wordpress blog can be found here: MCLZ8 Link \nFor now, the MCLZ8 is runni&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":6,"name":"z80","slug":"z80"},{"id":20,"name":"trs-80","slug":"trs-80"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":1708,"like_count":15,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"Luiz_Roberto_Rocha","category_id":6,"op_like_count":5,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":313,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":190,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":314,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":1309,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"CPT 4200 Wordprocessor, implemented in TTL","id":5643,"title":"CPT 4200 Wordprocessor, implemented in TTL","slug":"cpt-4200-wordprocessor-implemented-in-ttl","posts_count":20,"reply_count":16,"highest_post_number":20,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-03-30T07:17:19.594Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-30T18:37:08.349Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-30T18:37:08.349Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"I’ve been delving into CPT machines recently, and found the CPT4200 from the early 1970s. It is a console that attaches to a modified IBM Selectric typewriter and allows text to be saved and loaded on one of two cassette&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":260,"like_count":13,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"amenjet","category_id":6,"op_like_count":7,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":369,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":92,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":242,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Stack machines vs. RISC, a modern comparison?","id":4886,"title":"Stack machines vs. RISC, a modern comparison?","slug":"stack-machines-vs-risc-a-modern-comparison","posts_count":98,"reply_count":88,"highest_post_number":99,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2025-04-17T16:35:57.869Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-24T06:20:32.373Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-24T06:20:32.373Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"I was looking for some more modern sources about the AT&amp;T Hobbit, and came across this article on The Chip Letter: \n\n\nLooking at the benchmarks got me thinking… I realize that first-mover and market forces and all that, &hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":1489,"like_count":113,"has_summary":true,"last_poster_username":"EdS","category_id":6,"op_like_count":3,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":355,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":477,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":92,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Proving the Break Flag is Fictitious","id":4826,"title":"Proving the Break Flag is Fictitious","slug":"proving-the-break-flag-is-fictitious","posts_count":19,"reply_count":15,"highest_post_number":19,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2025-03-24T03:26:45.506Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-21T10:43:56.332Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-21T10:43:56.332Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Technical discussions on the 6502’s Break Flag continue to show misunderstandings and confusion.  There’s limits to what a test ROM could prove because someone could still say the break flag is just “hidden” and not dire&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":1,"name":"mos6502","slug":"mos6502"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":273,"like_count":8,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"accelulator","category_id":6,"op_like_count":0,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":488,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":92,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":395,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"VLIW double video feature","id":5955,"title":"VLIW double video feature","slug":"vliw-double-video-feature","posts_count":1,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":1,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-04-20T07:09:33.553Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-20T07:09:33.685Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-20T07:09:33.685Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"More Asianometry videos, these two are sort of continuum on VLIW, the first on 1990s research/minis, the second one is the Itanic saga.","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":254,"name":"vliw","slug":"vliw"},{"id":253,"name":"itanium","slug":"itanium"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":57,"like_count":2,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"jhi","category_id":6,"op_like_count":2,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest single","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":25,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"The Original Apple Silicon","id":5954,"title":"The Original Apple Silicon","slug":"the-original-apple-silicon","posts_count":1,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":1,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-04-20T07:06:58.998Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-20T07:06:59.119Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-20T07:06:59.119Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"How Apple, IBM, and Motorola cooperated to create PowerPC.","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":252,"name":"powerpc","slug":"powerpc"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":55,"like_count":1,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"jhi","category_id":6,"op_like_count":1,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest single","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":25,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"CIA vs PIA vs VIA, which led to which?","id":5668,"title":"CIA vs PIA vs VIA, which led to which?","slug":"cia-vs-pia-vs-via-which-led-to-which","posts_count":13,"reply_count":9,"highest_post_number":13,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-04-09T14:29:22.838Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-18T21:30:03.418Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-18T21:30:03.418Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"I don’t know how I got into this rabbit hole but… \nThe wiki article on the CIA claims that its predecessor was the PIA. However, it would seem the VIA (6522) is more directly related, both in function and in products (th&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":1,"name":"mos6502","slug":"mos6502"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":147,"like_count":11,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"jecel","category_id":6,"op_like_count":0,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":355,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1226,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":3,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":92,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Fascinating Soviet mechanical computer in Russia: the Ascot 170","id":484,"title":"Fascinating Soviet mechanical computer in Russia: the Ascot 170","slug":"fascinating-soviet-mechanical-computer-in-russia-the-ascot-170","posts_count":24,"reply_count":11,"highest_post_number":24,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2019-06-25T02:53:43.041Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-18T03:14:53.734Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-18T03:14:53.734Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"My brother-in-law just showed me this absolutely amazing piece of machinery (link in Russian): \n\n\nIf you don’t speak Russian (mine isn’t nearly good enough to read the page), use Google Translate; it’s pretty good on thi&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":118,"name":"mechanical","slug":"mechanical"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":4408,"like_count":25,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"PFLEGENDE_Angehorige","category_id":6,"op_like_count":7,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":112,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":173,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":201,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":1217,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"PDP-8 Restoration","id":5950,"title":"PDP-8 Restoration","slug":"pdp-8-restoration","posts_count":2,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":2,"image_url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/ffe11efc8ccdc8d821b9db0d02378ff8011b0dbd_2_1024x1019.jpeg","created_at":"2026-04-17T13:46:51.009Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-18T01:45:00.051Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-18T01:45:00.051Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Scott Finneran is posting an interesting project thread over on the Australian Computer Museum Society Forum.  Latest instalment explains the logic modules used by DEC in the PDP8, and shows his testing circuit in action&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":[{"max_width":null,"max_height":null,"width":1278,"height":1272,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/f/ffe11efc8ccdc8d821b9db0d02378ff8011b0dbd.jpeg"},{"max_width":1024,"max_height":1024,"width":1024,"height":1019,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/ffe11efc8ccdc8d821b9db0d02378ff8011b0dbd_2_1024x1019.jpeg"},{"max_width":800,"max_height":800,"width":800,"height":796,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/ffe11efc8ccdc8d821b9db0d02378ff8011b0dbd_2_800x796.jpeg"},{"max_width":400,"max_height":400,"width":400,"height":398,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/ffe11efc8ccdc8d821b9db0d02378ff8011b0dbd_2_400x398.jpeg"},{"max_width":200,"max_height":200,"width":200,"height":199,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/ffe11efc8ccdc8d821b9db0d02378ff8011b0dbd_2_200x199.jpeg"},{"max_width":100,"max_height":100,"width":100,"height":99,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/ffe11efc8ccdc8d821b9db0d02378ff8011b0dbd_2_100x99.jpeg"},{"max_width":50,"max_height":50,"width":50,"height":49,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/ffe11efc8ccdc8d821b9db0d02378ff8011b0dbd_2_50x49.jpeg"}],"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":70,"like_count":1,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"TheOtherSean","category_id":6,"op_like_count":0,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":"https://forum.acms.org.au/t/pdp-8-restoration/861","featured_link_root_domain":"acms.org.au","posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":1226,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"PCBs for two CPT8500s","id":5673,"title":"PCBs for two CPT8500s","slug":"pcbs-for-two-cpt8500s","posts_count":4,"reply_count":2,"highest_post_number":4,"image_url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/9/9c594b60d2a4443aa22f4f898983f6daed6eacb7_2_1024x771.jpeg","created_at":"2026-04-12T10:14:21.559Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-12T15:51:44.432Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-12T15:51:44.432Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"As well as looking at the CPT4200, I have recently acquired some CPT8500 series PCBs. I have enough PCBs for 2 85XX machines, but no backplanes or any other parts. \nThese are some of them: \n  \n \nThat’s a memory card (256&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":[{"max_width":null,"max_height":null,"width":1920,"height":1446,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/9/9c594b60d2a4443aa22f4f898983f6daed6eacb7.jpeg"},{"max_width":1024,"max_height":1024,"width":1024,"height":771,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/9/9c594b60d2a4443aa22f4f898983f6daed6eacb7_2_1024x771.jpeg"},{"max_width":800,"max_height":800,"width":800,"height":602,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/9/9c594b60d2a4443aa22f4f898983f6daed6eacb7_2_800x602.jpeg"},{"max_width":400,"max_height":400,"width":400,"height":301,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/9/9c594b60d2a4443aa22f4f898983f6daed6eacb7_2_400x301.jpeg"},{"max_width":200,"max_height":200,"width":200,"height":150,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/9/9c594b60d2a4443aa22f4f898983f6daed6eacb7_2_200x150.jpeg"},{"max_width":100,"max_height":100,"width":100,"height":75,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/9/9c594b60d2a4443aa22f4f898983f6daed6eacb7_2_100x75.jpeg"},{"max_width":50,"max_height":50,"width":50,"height":37,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/9/9c594b60d2a4443aa22f4f898983f6daed6eacb7_2_50x37.jpeg"}],"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":34,"like_count":1,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"amenjet","category_id":6,"op_like_count":0,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":369,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"In search of the square root (mechanical calculators)","id":5659,"title":"In search of the square root (mechanical calculators)","slug":"in-search-of-the-square-root-mechanical-calculators","posts_count":10,"reply_count":8,"highest_post_number":10,"image_url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/e5c53fdd007070c24f20ed90ade931bb2ee4cc4f_2_1024x812.jpeg","created_at":"2026-04-05T18:23:33.096Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-11T07:50:36.449Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-11T07:50:36.449Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Nice article here (in German) \n\n\nArchimedes, Badenia, Brunsviga, Diehl, Euclid, Thales, Triumphator, Walther: These were machines from the golden age of mechanical computing. They had no printing mechanism and were prima&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":[{"max_width":null,"max_height":null,"width":1920,"height":1524,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/e/e5c53fdd007070c24f20ed90ade931bb2ee4cc4f.jpeg"},{"max_width":1024,"max_height":1024,"width":1024,"height":812,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/e5c53fdd007070c24f20ed90ade931bb2ee4cc4f_2_1024x812.jpeg"},{"max_width":800,"max_height":800,"width":800,"height":635,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/e5c53fdd007070c24f20ed90ade931bb2ee4cc4f_2_800x635.jpeg"},{"max_width":400,"max_height":400,"width":400,"height":317,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/e5c53fdd007070c24f20ed90ade931bb2ee4cc4f_2_400x317.jpeg"},{"max_width":200,"max_height":200,"width":200,"height":158,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/e5c53fdd007070c24f20ed90ade931bb2ee4cc4f_2_200x158.jpeg"},{"max_width":100,"max_height":100,"width":100,"height":79,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/e5c53fdd007070c24f20ed90ade931bb2ee4cc4f_2_100x79.jpeg"},{"max_width":50,"max_height":50,"width":50,"height":39,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/e5c53fdd007070c24f20ed90ade931bb2ee4cc4f_2_50x39.jpeg"}],"tags":[{"id":118,"name":"mechanical","slug":"mechanical"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":141,"like_count":15,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"EdS","category_id":6,"op_like_count":4,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":119,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":314,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":477,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":3,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Movement Systems Drum Computer MCS (Eurythmics)","id":3719,"title":"Movement Systems Drum Computer MCS (Eurythmics)","slug":"movement-systems-drum-computer-mcs-eurythmics","posts_count":9,"reply_count":4,"highest_post_number":9,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2023-11-05T13:58:51.944Z","last_posted_at":"2026-04-05T20:52:42.027Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-04-05T20:52:42.027Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Not sure if this is a real “computer”, at least it looks like one. I first found it on pinterest. \nMost famous in Eurythmics clip Sweet Dreams \n                    \n            \n          \n\n \n                    \n       &hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":897,"like_count":8,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"StephenM","category_id":6,"op_like_count":1,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":400,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1009,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1115,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":269,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Another PDP11 on your desk","id":2343,"title":"Another PDP11 on your desk","slug":"another-pdp11-on-your-desk","posts_count":12,"reply_count":7,"highest_post_number":12,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2022-01-25T15:43:21.305Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-28T14:29:36.999Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-28T14:29:36.999Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Thinking about the recent thread on Electronica, I remembered the Terak computer. It was a desktop with graphics and keyboard (Although from what I recall, and reading the Wikipedia page) it wasn’t that light. \nIt featur&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":90,"name":"dec","slug":"dec"},{"id":2,"name":"pdp11","slug":"pdp11"},{"id":64,"name":"pascal","slug":"pascal"},{"id":112,"name":"ucsd","slug":"ucsd"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":937,"like_count":15,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"pdxjjb","category_id":6,"op_like_count":4,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":119,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":92,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":395,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Relay Power Pi Machine","id":4005,"title":"Relay Power Pi Machine","slug":"relay-power-pi-machine","posts_count":9,"reply_count":5,"highest_post_number":9,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2024-03-20T11:16:43.814Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-25T11:44:48.642Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-25T11:44:48.642Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"This was very interesting: Relay Powered Pi Machine (youtube) and surprisingly small. \nIt’s bit serial and uses the Bailey–Borwein–Plouffe formula (wikipedia). \n\nThe BBP formula gives rise to a spigot algorithm for compu&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":93,"name":"relay-computer","slug":"relay-computer"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":924,"like_count":17,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"EdS","category_id":6,"op_like_count":5,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":140,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":119,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"The Z-80 has a 4-bit ALU","id":5633,"title":"The Z-80 has a 4-bit ALU","slug":"the-z-80-has-a-4-bit-alu","posts_count":10,"reply_count":6,"highest_post_number":10,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-03-21T10:11:23.046Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-22T16:51:03.401Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-22T16:51:03.401Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"“The 8-bit Z-80 processor is famed for use in many early personal computers such the Osborne 1, TRS-80, and Sinclair ZX Spectrum, and it is still used in embedded systems and TI graphing calculators. I had always assum&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":6,"name":"z80","slug":"z80"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":178,"like_count":15,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"EtchedPixels","category_id":6,"op_like_count":7,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":"https://www.righto.com/2013/09/the-z-80-has-4-bit-alu-heres-how-it.html","featured_link_root_domain":"righto.com","posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":25,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":314,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":223,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Looking for a manual, for the Tektronix 8002A microprocessor development lab","id":5634,"title":"Looking for a manual, for the Tektronix 8002A microprocessor development lab","slug":"looking-for-a-manual-for-the-tektronix-8002a-microprocessor-development-lab","posts_count":1,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":1,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-03-21T18:53:13.062Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-21T18:53:13.175Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-21T18:53:13.175Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Hi all, \nMany manuals are available for the Tektronix 8002A microprocessor development lab. One manual that I have not found is the Maintenance Front Panel Service Manual, document number 070-2725-00. \nWould anyone have &hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":50,"name":"tektronix","slug":"tektronix"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":36,"like_count":0,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"Porcupine","category_id":6,"op_like_count":0,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest single","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":770,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"What Obscure/Failed System(s) would you like to see get the Aquarius+ treatment?","id":4499,"title":"What Obscure/Failed System(s) would you like to see get the Aquarius+ treatment?","slug":"what-obscure-failed-system-s-would-you-like-to-see-get-the-aquarius-treatment","posts_count":28,"reply_count":22,"highest_post_number":28,"image_url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f13b2eefc0f943e3844b5834811b57fda77a01cc_2_1024x746.jpeg","created_at":"2024-10-30T10:13:16.154Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-19T11:18:01.480Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-19T11:18:01.480Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Just wondering what sort of systems others would like to see get a quasi-modern update. \nFor me, that would be the Compucolor2: \n  \nI think it only sold about a thousand units, but it was more known and desired than you &hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":[{"max_width":null,"max_height":null,"width":1280,"height":933,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/f/f13b2eefc0f943e3844b5834811b57fda77a01cc.jpeg"},{"max_width":1024,"max_height":1024,"width":1024,"height":746,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f13b2eefc0f943e3844b5834811b57fda77a01cc_2_1024x746.jpeg"},{"max_width":800,"max_height":800,"width":800,"height":583,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f13b2eefc0f943e3844b5834811b57fda77a01cc_2_800x583.jpeg"},{"max_width":400,"max_height":400,"width":400,"height":291,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f13b2eefc0f943e3844b5834811b57fda77a01cc_2_400x291.jpeg"},{"max_width":200,"max_height":200,"width":200,"height":145,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f13b2eefc0f943e3844b5834811b57fda77a01cc_2_200x145.jpeg"},{"max_width":100,"max_height":100,"width":100,"height":72,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f13b2eefc0f943e3844b5834811b57fda77a01cc_2_100x72.jpeg"},{"max_width":50,"max_height":50,"width":50,"height":36,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/f/f13b2eefc0f943e3844b5834811b57fda77a01cc_2_50x36.jpeg"}],"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":703,"like_count":39,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"lynchaj","category_id":6,"op_like_count":3,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":7,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":515,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":197,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":434,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Anyone mess with the IMSAI 8080 clone?","id":5626,"title":"Anyone mess with the IMSAI 8080 clone?","slug":"anyone-mess-with-the-imsai-8080-clone","posts_count":8,"reply_count":2,"highest_post_number":8,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-03-16T17:25:07.172Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-18T11:58:39.787Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-18T11:58:39.787Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Hello! \nJust put together an IMSAI 8080 clone from the HighNibble. \nI have zero experience with this thing, and wanted to know where to start? I’d really like it for just playing 80s text adventure games, but what else c&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":45,"name":"intel8080","slug":"intel8080"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":119,"like_count":1,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"Rhetro","category_id":6,"op_like_count":1,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":1209,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":939,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":403,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"The Mill and its memory model","id":5009,"title":"The Mill and its memory model","slug":"the-mill-and-its-memory-model","posts_count":11,"reply_count":7,"highest_post_number":11,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2025-06-03T21:46:10.005Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-11T04:16:41.469Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-11T04:16:41.469Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"The discussion of stack machines referred to The Mill, which I’ve been reading/watching about. Most of it is well outside my comfort level, but one thing in particular doesn’t seem to be about The Mill so much, and seems&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":658,"like_count":11,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"WorBlux","category_id":6,"op_like_count":1,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":355,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":92,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":395,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":284,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":1163,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"The Micon Miget - a tiny affordable terminal","id":5597,"title":"The Micon Miget - a tiny affordable terminal","slug":"the-micon-miget-a-tiny-affordable-terminal","posts_count":10,"reply_count":6,"highest_post_number":10,"image_url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/eb31901759ed87774d1787b41ba9c1653c85d41b_2_1024x752.jpeg","created_at":"2026-03-07T18:45:20.915Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-08T17:25:57.447Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-08T17:25:57.447Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"A terminal with a one-line display, for just $400 \nOne of several photos found here \n  \n(I’ve been meaning to post this and say more about the context but in the intervening weeks I seem to have lost the context.) \n  \n\nT&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":[{"max_width":null,"max_height":null,"width":1424,"height":1046,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/e/eb31901759ed87774d1787b41ba9c1653c85d41b.jpeg"},{"max_width":1024,"max_height":1024,"width":1024,"height":752,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/eb31901759ed87774d1787b41ba9c1653c85d41b_2_1024x752.jpeg"},{"max_width":800,"max_height":800,"width":800,"height":587,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/eb31901759ed87774d1787b41ba9c1653c85d41b_2_800x587.jpeg"},{"max_width":400,"max_height":400,"width":400,"height":293,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/eb31901759ed87774d1787b41ba9c1653c85d41b_2_400x293.jpeg"},{"max_width":200,"max_height":200,"width":200,"height":146,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/eb31901759ed87774d1787b41ba9c1653c85d41b_2_200x146.jpeg"},{"max_width":100,"max_height":100,"width":100,"height":73,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/eb31901759ed87774d1787b41ba9c1653c85d41b_2_100x73.jpeg"},{"max_width":50,"max_height":50,"width":50,"height":36,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/e/eb31901759ed87774d1787b41ba9c1653c85d41b_2_50x36.jpeg"}],"tags":[{"id":38,"name":"terminals","slug":"terminals"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":144,"like_count":15,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"EdS","category_id":6,"op_like_count":7,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":314,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":3,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":119,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":242,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"The importance of the introduction of byte addressing","id":5583,"title":"The importance of the introduction of byte addressing","slug":"the-importance-of-the-introduction-of-byte-addressing","posts_count":2,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":2,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2026-03-03T01:55:24.549Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-03T10:47:16.869Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-03T10:48:12.295Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Byte addresses was the feature I think was the most important, on the 360 and the pdp 11. \nThe PDP 11  dropped short form addressing, and  that gave it the power over other 16 bitters, \ninsert ad for building a 18 bit pd&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":79,"like_count":0,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"EdS","category_id":6,"op_like_count":0,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"More relay computers, on video","id":635,"title":"More relay computers, on video","slug":"more-relay-computers-on-video","posts_count":3,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":3,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2019-08-18T12:44:47.835Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-02T15:26:04.238Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-02T15:26:04.238Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Continuing the discussion from Technician keeps computer made in 1959 still humming along: \nHere’s the modern homebuilt Zusie machine (more in this playlist): \n            \n            \n \nA modern build of a floating poi&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":36,"name":"electromechanical","slug":"electromechanical"},{"id":93,"name":"relay-computer","slug":"relay-computer"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":821,"like_count":1,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"EdS","category_id":6,"op_like_count":1,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":"latest single","description":"Original Poster, Most Recent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"A modern 8-bit relay computer from scratch","id":1729,"title":"A modern 8-bit relay computer from scratch","slug":"a-modern-8-bit-relay-computer-from-scratch","posts_count":2,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":2,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2021-01-22T12:08:19.219Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-02T15:21:32.622Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-02T15:21:32.622Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"I guess, everyone involved here has at some point dreamed of building a relay computer. Paul Law is no exception, with the minor difference of having actually done it. The machine is based on a design by Dr. Harry Porter &hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[{"id":93,"name":"relay-computer","slug":"relay-computer"}],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":816,"like_count":6,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"EdS","category_id":6,"op_like_count":5,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":3,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"HP Calculators - a visual feast (and more)","id":5575,"title":"HP Calculators - a visual feast (and more)","slug":"hp-calculators-a-visual-feast-and-more","posts_count":2,"reply_count":0,"highest_post_number":2,"image_url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/8/82a096ebf09fe95d5dc099925c4e59df3e114fca.jpeg","created_at":"2026-02-27T17:02:15.168Z","last_posted_at":"2026-03-02T10:14:19.944Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-03-02T10:14:19.944Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"A huge trove of HP Calculator related documents here.  I do like their adverts and brochures - like the calculators, very nice design. \n\n\nNot just HP either, lots of other kinds of hardware.","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":[{"max_width":null,"max_height":null,"width":1020,"height":934,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/8/82a096ebf09fe95d5dc099925c4e59df3e114fca.jpeg"},{"max_width":800,"max_height":800,"width":800,"height":732,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/8/82a096ebf09fe95d5dc099925c4e59df3e114fca_2_800x732.jpeg"},{"max_width":400,"max_height":400,"width":400,"height":366,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/8/82a096ebf09fe95d5dc099925c4e59df3e114fca_2_400x366.jpeg"},{"max_width":200,"max_height":200,"width":200,"height":183,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/8/82a096ebf09fe95d5dc099925c4e59df3e114fca_2_200x183.jpeg"},{"max_width":100,"max_height":100,"width":100,"height":91,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/8/82a096ebf09fe95d5dc099925c4e59df3e114fca_2_100x91.jpeg"},{"max_width":50,"max_height":50,"width":50,"height":45,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/8/82a096ebf09fe95d5dc099925c4e59df3e114fca_2_50x45.jpeg"}],"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":89,"like_count":3,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"wazoox","category_id":6,"op_like_count":3,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":61,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"An unusual Ferranti front panel? (F100-L related?)","id":5567,"title":"An unusual Ferranti front panel? (F100-L related?)","slug":"an-unusual-ferranti-front-panel-f100-l-related","posts_count":9,"reply_count":6,"highest_post_number":9,"image_url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/7/780bc65572216026ffdefaa452aea07be82e9f1d_2_1023x492.jpeg","created_at":"2026-02-17T11:14:51.659Z","last_posted_at":"2026-02-27T23:19:03.782Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-02-27T23:19:03.782Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"Reposted with permission - from [Jaut-76 M7BLJ]over on the stardot discord, a front panel thought to be Ferranti-associated.  My own speculation is that it might have to do with the F100-M, which was the discrete chip ve&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":[{"max_width":null,"max_height":null,"width":1558,"height":750,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/original/2X/7/780bc65572216026ffdefaa452aea07be82e9f1d.jpeg"},{"max_width":1024,"max_height":1024,"width":1023,"height":492,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/7/780bc65572216026ffdefaa452aea07be82e9f1d_2_1023x492.jpeg"},{"max_width":800,"max_height":800,"width":800,"height":385,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/7/780bc65572216026ffdefaa452aea07be82e9f1d_2_800x385.jpeg"},{"max_width":400,"max_height":400,"width":400,"height":192,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/7/780bc65572216026ffdefaa452aea07be82e9f1d_2_400x192.jpeg"},{"max_width":200,"max_height":200,"width":200,"height":96,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/7/780bc65572216026ffdefaa452aea07be82e9f1d_2_200x96.jpeg"},{"max_width":100,"max_height":100,"width":100,"height":48,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/7/780bc65572216026ffdefaa452aea07be82e9f1d_2_100x48.jpeg"},{"max_width":50,"max_height":50,"width":50,"height":24,"url":"https://retrocomputingforum.com/uploads/default/optimized/2X/7/780bc65572216026ffdefaa452aea07be82e9f1d_2_50x24.jpeg"}],"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":189,"like_count":7,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"jecel","category_id":6,"op_like_count":2,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":1,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":927,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":3,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":92,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]},{"fancy_title":"Looking for historical accounts of Programmer&rsquo;s Calculators","id":5479,"title":"Looking for historical accounts of Programmer's Calculators","slug":"looking-for-historical-accounts-of-programmers-calculators","posts_count":40,"reply_count":25,"highest_post_number":40,"image_url":null,"created_at":"2025-12-23T22:23:10.566Z","last_posted_at":"2026-02-27T09:41:00.232Z","bumped":true,"bumped_at":"2026-02-27T09:41:00.232Z","archetype":"regular","unseen":false,"pinned":false,"unpinned":null,"excerpt":"recently I’ve fallen down the retro computing adjacent rabbit hole of 70s and 80s calculators, and specifically programmer’s calculators! units like the HP-16c and TI-Programmer, that offered base conversion, definable w&hellip;","visible":true,"closed":false,"archived":false,"bookmarked":null,"liked":null,"thumbnails":null,"tags":[],"tags_descriptions":{},"views":497,"like_count":30,"has_summary":false,"last_poster_username":"abdulhaq","category_id":6,"op_like_count":4,"pinned_globally":false,"featured_link":null,"posters":[{"extras":null,"description":"Original Poster","user_id":1151,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":369,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":213,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":null,"description":"Frequent Poster","user_id":456,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null},{"extras":"latest","description":"Most Recent Poster","user_id":55,"primary_group_id":null,"flair_group_id":null}]}]}}